Metabolic Medicine

Draft proposed by Dr Joanna Tung
Reviewed by Dr Eric KW Lee

Essential Skills

Domain 1 - Professional Values & Behaviour
Domain 2 - Communication
Domain 4 - Patient management

Additional desirable skills are listed in each proposal. These recommended skills are to be acquired as opportunity arises.

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Basic Training

Metabolic emergency

Recognition of metabolic emergency
Initial and acute management on

  • Hypoglycaemia
  • Hyperammonaemia
  • Reye-like syndrome
Basic and special metabolic investigations

Indications of specific metabolic investigations

  • Ammonia, lactate, glucose, gas
  • Plasma amino acids
  • Urine organic acids
  • Carnitine analysis

Administration and interpretation of common metabolic investigations under supervision

Newborn screening for inherited metabolic disease
  • Basic knowledge on the current Hong Kong Extended Newborn Screening Program on inherited metabolic disease.
  • Understand the limitations on the current Hong Kong Extended Newborn Screening Program on inherited metabolic disease.
Specific metabolic pathway and their disorders

To understand the common presentations of inherited metabolic disorders like acidosis, developmental regression, encephalopathy, organomegaly, sudden infant death

Recognition and initial management on:

  • Amino acid and protein metabolism (including urea cycle defects, organic acidurias)
  • Energy metabolism (including mitochondrial diseases)
  • Carbohydrate metabolism (including glycogen storage disease)
  • Lysosomal metabolism (including mucopolysaccharidoses)
  • Neurotransmitter diseases
Desirable skills

To understand the biochemical and molecular basis and inheritance pattern of inherited metabolic diseases.

 

Higher Training

Metabolic emergency

Further workup and subsequent management on

  • Hypoglycaemia
  • Hyperammonaemia
  • Reye-like syndrome
Special metabolic investigations

Precautions, and basic interpretations of specific metabolic investigations

  • Plasma amino acids
  • Urine organic acids
  • Carnitine analysis
  • Biopsies and enzymatic studies
  • Neurotransmitter studies
  • Molecular genetic investigations
  • Knowledge on the interpretation of results of common investigations of metabolic disorders
Newborn screening for inherited metabolic disease

Initial management of abnormal newborn screening.

Specific metabolic pathway and their disorders

Under the supervision of specialists in metabolic team, to participate in the long-term, multidisciplinary management in:

  • Amino acid and protein metabolism (including urea cycle defects, organic acidurias)
  • Energy metabolism (including mitochondrial diseases)
  • Carbohydrate metabolism (including glycogen storage disease)
  • Lysosomal metabolism (including mucopolysaccharidoses)
  • Neurotransmitter diseases

Understand the principles of dietary, megavitamin and pharmacological treatment, enzyme replacement and transplant for metabolic disorders.

Be aware of the social implications and prognosis of children with metabolic disorders.

Desirable skills

1. Knowledge and skill in molecular biology in metabolism.
2. Understanding the principles and practice of metabolic assay methods.
3. To recognise the cost-effectiveness of various investigation and treatment modalities in the consideration of patient care.
4. Specific interview competences where the diagnosis of a serious inherited metabolic condition is communicated to the parents.

 

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